A System for the Feedback of Experience from Events in Nuclear Installations Safety Guide
Safety Standards Series No.  NS-G-2.11

This Safety Guide provides recommendations on all the main components of operational experience feedback systems, utilizing relevant information on events and abnormal conditions that have occurred at nuclear installations around the world. It focuses on the interaction between the different systems for using operational experience feedback and constitutes an update and an extension of Part I, A National System, of Systems for Reporting Unusual Events in Nuclear Power Plants (IAEA Safety Series No. 93).
Contents: 1. Introduction; 2. Need for and main element of a national system for the feedback of operational experience; 3. Screening of events; 4. Investigation and analysis of events; 5. Corrective actions; 6. Trending and review to recognize emergent problems; 7. Utilization, dissemination and exchange of operating experience information; 8. Reviewing the effectiveness of the process for feedback of operational experience; 9. Quality assurance; 10. Reporting of safety related events; Appendix I: Reporting criteria and categories; Appendix II: Type of reports, timing, format at content; Appendix III: Investigation and analysis of events; Appendix IV: Approval and implementation of corrective actions; References: Annex I: OEF data management; Annex II: Example of elements of a national operating experience.
STI/PUB/1243, 61 pp.; 1 figures; 2006
ISBN 92-0-101406-6, English. 23.00 Euro
Full Text , (File Size: 497 KB).

Economic Performance Indicators for Nuclear Power Plants
Technical Reports Series No.  437

From a global perspective, it is clear that there is no single group of key economic and financial measures that are applicable and useful for all countries and regions. The extent to which deregulation and privatization is occurring varies considerably around the world, with some countries continuing to foster regulated monopolies or provide government subsidies for power generation, while in others, retail and wholesale electricity is sold in truly open market, competitive situations. Consequently, the requirement for key measures of financial and economic success for the nuclear power industry will continue to vary from one region or country to another. The primary purpose of this report is to identify and define a number of economic performance measures for use at nuclear power plants operating in deregulated, competitive electricity markets. The report outlines recent changes in the regulatory environments surrounding the financial operation of electric utilities, and in particular discusses the implications of deregulation and competition on gauging the economic performance and financial health of a nuclear power enterprise. It presents and discusses a general definition and classification of nuclear economic indicators, within the context of regulation, competition and the economic requirements of constructing, operating and decommissioning nuclear power plants. The economic indicators selected are a reflection of the diversity of requirements and are intended to be applicable to different regions worldwide. In using these indicators, individual countries and Member States should select from the list those economic measures that are best suited to their specific applications and financial requirements.
STI/DOC/010/437, 158 pp.; 29 figures; 2006
ISBN 92-0-100905-4, English. 40.00 Euro. Date of Issue: 27 April 2006.
Full Text , (File Size: 2520 KB).

Isotopes in Environmental Studies Aquatic Forum 2004 Proceedings of an International Conference held in Monaco, 25-29 October 2004
C&S Papers CD Series No.  26

IAEA-CSP-26/CD, 2006
ISBN 92-0-100906-2, English, CD-ROM. 15.00 Euro
Full Text , (File Size: 18684 KB).

Monitoring for Radioactive Material in International Mail Transported by Public Postal Operators Technical Guidance
IAEA Nuclear Security Series No.  3

The illegal transport of conventional explosives and biological material has been observed in public mail and could lead to serious health hazards. In response to Member States" requests to establish guidance for detecting the movement of radioactive material in international mail, the IAEA and the Universal Postal Union (UPU) undertook a joint effort to prepare this publication. It considers how radioactive materials in international mail might be detected, how best to monitor for these materials in mail facilities and how to respond appropriately. This publication brings together a concise but comprehensive description of the various techniques and equipment used to detect and control radioactive material during mail processing.
STI/PUB/1242, 39 pp.; 4 figures; 2006
ISBN 92-0-100406-0, English. 23.00 Euro
Full Text , (File Size: 613 KB).

Nuclear Forensics Support Technical Guidance
IAEA Nuclear Security Series No.  2

Nuclear scientists have recognized that much can be learned from the analysis of reported cases of illicit trafficking of nuclear and other radioactive material: What specifically could the material have been used for? Where was the material obtained from: stock, scrap or waste? Was the amount seized only a sample of a much more significant quantity? These and many other questions can be answered through detailed technical characterization of seized material samples. The combination of scientific methods used for this purpose is normally referred to as nuclear forensics, which has become an indispensable tool for use in law enforcement investigations of nuclear trafficking. This publication is unique in bringing together for the first time a concise but comprehensive description of the various tools and procedures of nuclear forensics investigations that have heretofore been described independently in the scientific literature. It also incorporates the experience accumulated over the last decade by law enforcement agencies and nuclear forensics laboratories confronted with cases of illicit events involving nuclear or other radioactive materials.
STI/PUB/1241, 67 pp.; 4 figures; 2006
ISBN 92-0-100306-4, English. 26.00 Euro
Full Text , (File Size: 677 KB).

Geological Disposal of Radioactive Waste Safety Requirements
Safety Standards Series No.  WS-R-4

This Safety Requirements publication is concerned with providing protection for people and the environment from the hazards associated with waste management activities related to disposal, i.e. hazards that could arise during the operational period and following closure. It sets out the protection objectives and criteria for geological disposal and establishes the requirements that must be met to ensure the safety of this disposal option, consistent with the established principles of safety for radioactive waste management. It is intended for use by those involved in radioactive waste management and in making decisions in relation to the development, operation and closure of geological disposal facilities, especially those concerned with the related regulatory aspects.
Contents: 1. Introduction; 2. Protection of human health and the environment; 3. The safety requirements for geological disposal; 4. Requirements for the development, operation and closure of geological disposal facilities; Appendix: Assurance of compliance with the safety objective and criteria; References; Annex I: Geological disposal and the principles of radioactive waste management; Annex II: Principles of radioactive waste management.
STI/PUB/1231, 49 pp.; 0 figures; 2006
ISBN 92-0-105705-9, English. 18.00 Euro
Full Text , (File Size: 388 KB).

Understanding and Managing Ageing of Material in Spent Fuel Storage Facilities
Technical Reports Series No.  443

This report results from a Coordinated Research Project on “Ageing of Materials in Spent Fuel Storage Facilities”. It includes sections on the status of understanding ageing of selected materials and on management of ageing. The management of ageing is of key importance in many countries for the owners and operators of many facilities, including power reactors. There is a large measure of agreement on the general approach, which is summarized in this report. The report also includes a brief section on specific approaches in the context of fuel storage facilities and some specific recommendations. Moreover, the content has been broadened to try to appeal to those who may be in the early stages of setting up ageing management programmes either for new or for older fuel storage facilities. The report differentiates between the ageing of fuel materials from research reactors and civil reactors.
STI/DOC/010/443, 107 pp.; 5 figures; 2006
ISBN 92-0-105205-7, English. 29.00 Euro. Date of Issue: 7 June 2006.
Full Text , (File Size: 1160 KB).

Technical and Functional Specifications for Border Monitoring Equipment Technical Guidance
IAEA Nuclear Security Series No.  1

States have the responsibility for combating illicit trafficking and inadvertent movements of radioactive material. A major portion of that effort is devoted to monitoring borders to detect and then confiscate any radioactive material which might be moving across borders in an illegal manner. The IAEA has responded to requests from its Member States to provide a set of technical specifications that can be used in the design testing, qualifying and purchasing of border radiation monitoring equipment. The purpose of this publication is to provide deployment specifications rather than just test specifications. That is, the system parameters discussed here can be used as the specification for how the equipment will actually be deployed for border security applications rather than only for use during comparisons of equipment from various manufacturers.
STI/PUB/1240, 79 pp.; 3 figures; 2006
ISBN 92-0-100206-8, English. 30.00 Euro. Date of Issue: 19 June 2006.
Full Text , (File Size: 752 KB).

Use of Chlorofluorocarbons in Hydrology A Guidebook
Development of the chlorofluorocarbon (CFC) technique as a tool for dating groundwater has occurred over approximately the last 20 years, and a number of research publications have documented its use in specific aquifers. This publication is intended to facilitate a comparative analysis of CFC and isotope techniques and a wider use of the CFC technique under appropriate conditions by providing a description of its scientific basis, sampling and measurement methods, interpretation and limitations of data, and a variety of case studies.
STI/PUB/1238, 277 pp.; 111 figures; 2006
ISBN 92-0-100805-8, English. 52.00 Euro. Date of Issue: 9 June 2006.
Full Text , (File Size: 7316 KB).

Status of Innovative Small and Medium Sized Reactor Designs 2005 Reactors with Conventional Refuelling Schemes
IAEA TECDOC CD Series No.  1485

IAEA-TECDOC-CD-1485, 2006
ISBN 92-0-101106-7, English, CD-ROM. 15.00 Euro
Full Text , (File Size: 23357 KB).

Development of Radioimmunometric Assays and Kits for Non-clinical Applications
IAEA TECDOC Series No.  1498

Radioimmunoassay (RIA) and related methods are attractive analytical tools for the determination of a wide variety of molecules present in complex matrices in view of the high degree of specificity of the antigen antibody reaction, the high sensitivity offered by radioactivity measurements, the simplicity of the technique, its reliability and the requirement for only modest equipment and facilities. This publication details their use in a variety of non-clinical applications.
IAEA-TECDOC-1498, 2006
ISBN 92-0-106006-8, English. 15.00 Euro. Date of Issue: 14 June 2006.
Full Text , (File Size: 1820 KB).

Applying Radiation Safety Standards in Radiotherapy
Safety Reports Series No.  38

The International Basic Safety Standards for Protection against Ionizing Radiation and for the Safety of Radiation Sources (BSS), jointly sponsored, inter alia, by the IAEA, ILO, WHO and PAHO, establish requirements on the legal persons responsible for designing, running and decommissioning practices involving ionizing radiation. These requirements are basic and general in nature. This report is intended to be of assistance to both regulators and users of radiation sources in radiotherapy in applying the BSS to this practice. Regulators will find it useful for reviewing applications for authorization and for the inspection of the practice. Users of radiation in radiotherapy may follow the guidance provided in order to comply with BSS requirements or equivalent national requirements. Experts recruited on IAEA missions to advise on the implementation of the BSS for the practice of radiotherapy are expected to use the guidance given in this report rather than their own national regulations and guidance.
STI/PUB/1205, 120 pp.; 7 figures; 2006
ISBN 92-0-110904-0, English. 28.00 Euro. Date of Issue: 18 May 2006.
Full Text , (File Size: 926 KB).

Improvements of Radioactive Waste Management at WWER Nuclear Power Plants
IAEA TECDOC Series No.  1492

The focus of this report is on the low and intermediate level radioactive wastes generated and managed during the normal operating life of WWER nuclear power plants. It identifies mechanisms for reducing the generation and disposal volumes of radioactive waste at WWER reactors, and compares the waste management approaches of western PWR and WWER reactors to identify reasons why PWRs currently have lower waste generation, storage and disposal volumes. Examining historical trends in plant design and waste management approaches, it seeks to identify those changes which contribute most significantly to today’s differences between PWRs and WWERs in generation and disposal volumes. The report determines the role of waste storage in promoting implementation of improved or advanced waste minimization technologies and approaches, and proposes recommendations for improving WWER waste minimization.
IAEA-TECDOC-1492, 2006
ISBN 92-0-103006-1, English. 15.00 Euro. Date of Issue: 30 May 2006.
Full Text , (File Size: 718 KB).

Management of Waste from the Use of Radioactive Material in Medicine, Industry, Agriculture, Research and Education Safety Guide (Russian Edition)
Seriya norm MAGATE po bezopasnosti No.  WS-G-2.7

This Safety Guide provides recommendations and guidance on the fulfilment of the safety requirements established in Safety Standards Series No. WS-R-2, Predisposal Management of Radioactive Waste, Including Decommissioning. It covers the roles and responsibilities of different bodies involved in the predisposal management of radioactive waste and in the handling and processing of radioactive material. It is intended for organizations generating and handling radioactive waste or handling such waste on a centralized basis, and for the regulatory body responsible for regulating such activities.
Contents: 1. Introduction; 2. Protection of human health and the environment; 3. Roles and responsibilities; 4. General safety considerations; 5. Predisposal management of radioactive waste; 6. Acceptance of radioactive waste in disposal facilities; 7. Record keeping and reporting; 8. Management systems; Appendix I: Fault schedule for safety assessment and environmental impact assessment; Appendix II: Flow diagram for the management of solid radioactive waste; Appendix III: Flow diagram for the management of biological radioactive waste; Appendix IV: Flow diagram for the management of disused sealed radiation sources; Appendix V: Disused and spent radiation sources and identification of techniques for their management; Appendix VI: Strategy for the identification and location of spent and/or disused sealed radiation sources.
STI/PUB/1217, 83 pp.; 4 figures; 2006
ISBN 92-0-400806-7, Russian. 20.00 Euro. Date of Issue: 24 March 2006.
Full Text , (File Size: 1244 KB).

Competency Assessments for Nuclear Industry Personnel
The nuclear industry expends significant resources conducting competency assessments. Competency assessments are used for employee selection, trainee assessment, qualification, re-qualification and authorization. This publication focuses on the competency assessments used for measuring the knowledge, skills and attitudes of personnel as the result of training. Other uses of competency assessments are also briefly discussed. Ineffective testing methods and procedures, or inappropriate interpretation of test results, can have significant effects on both human performance and nuclear safety. Test development requires unique skills, and training and experience are needed to develop and improve these skills. Test item and examination development, use, interpretation of results, and examination refinement should be part of an ongoing systematic process. Testing, and particularly the results of testing, can also be used for trainee motivation, instructional improvement and programme evaluation. In addition, testing can also be used to provide teaching and feedback. For some users, this publication will provide a review of the ideas and principles of competency assessments with which they are already familiar; for others it will present new concepts. While not intended to provide in-depth coverage of assessment theory, this publication should provide developers, instructors and assessors with a foundation on which to develop sound assessments.
STI/PUB/1236, 149 pp.; 0 figures; 2006
ISBN 92-0-110105-8, English. 46.00 Euro. Date of Issue: 29 May 2006.
Full Text , (File Size: 1092 KB).

Indicators for Management of Planned Outages in Nuclear Power Plants
IAEA TECDOC Series No.  1490

Planned outages are a main contributor to nuclear power plant (NPP) unavailability, risk and cost. Effective management of planned outages is a key factor for improvement of NPP safety, availability and competitiveness. To support outage management, an outage monitoring system is implemented that follows all the fundamental and critical activities and deadlines in each phase of the outage. The IAEA has produced this publication on indicators for planned outage monitoring as a complement to a series of technical publications related to practices regarding outage management and cost effective maintenance. The aim of this publication is to provide guidelines for outage monitoring systems, examples of specific outage indicators and good practices in outage monitoring. This publication outlines a set of outage indicators that could be considered by operators of NPPs when establishing or revising their own specific outage indicator systems.
IAEA-TECDOC-1490, 2006
ISBN 92-0-102706-0, English. 15.00 Euro. Date of Issue: 30 May 2006.
Full Text , (File Size: 1183 KB).

Les événements externes d"origine humaine dans l"évaluation des sites de centrales nucléaires
Collection normes de sûreté Nº  NS-G-3.1

This Safety Guide recommends actions, conditions and procedures and provides guidance for fulfilling the requirements of Safety Standards Series No. NS-R-3, Site Evaluation for Nuclear Installations, in relation to external human induced events when conducting a site evaluation for a nuclear power plant. The present Guide supersedes Safety Series No. 50-SG-S5, External Man-Induced Events in Relation to Nuclear Power Plant Siting (1981).
Contents: 1. Introduction; 2. General approach to site evaluation in relation to external human induced events; 3. Data collection and investigations; 4. Screening and evaluation procedures; 5. Aircraft crashes; 6. Release of hazardous fluids; 7. Explosions; 8. Other external human induced events; 9. Administrative aspects.
STI/PUB/1126, 55 pp.; 1 figures; 2006
ISBN 92-0-212705-0, French. 14.50 Euro. Date of Issue: 23 March 2006.
Full Text , (File Size: 492 KB).

Case Studies in the Application of Probabilistic Safety Assessment Techniques to Radiation Sources
IAEA TECDOC Series No.  1494

Probabilistic safety assessment (PSA) techniques are a key tool used in safety assessments. The IAEA has undertaken a coordinated research project on the application of PSA techniques to radiation sources in use at medical and industrial facilities. This report presents the studies’ results, including the safety insights and recommendations obtained, the benefits and limitations of PSA techniques, and guidance for performing PSA studies for radiation source applications. In addition, an overview of the techniques and approaches used in each study and the practice specific results are presented. The risk insights obtained constitute potential safety issues to be considered by practitioners, facility staff and management, equipment designers, and regulators in their safety management and risk evaluation activities.
IAEA-TECDOC-1494, 2006
ISBN 92-0-104206-X, English. 15.00 Euro. Date of Issue: 25 May 2006.
Full Text , (File Size: 861 KB).

Managing Nuclear Knowledge: Strategies and Human Resource Development Summary of an International Conference held in Saclay, France, 7–10 September 2004
Proceedings Series 

This conference provided a forum for professionals and decision makers in the nuclear sector, comprising industry, governments and academia as well as professionals in the knowledge management and information technology sectors. The goals of the conference were: to exchange information and share experience on nuclear knowledge management, comprising strategies, information management and human resource development, and to identify lessons learned and to embark on the development of new initiatives and concepts for nuclear knowledge management in IAEA Member States. Keynote papers delivered by leading experts in the field, industrial leaders and governmental officials covered important aspects of nuclear knowledge management, and the sessions were devoted to: covering managing and preserving nuclear knowledge; managing nuclear information; human resources for the nuclear sector; and networking education and training.
STI/PUB/1235, 58 pp.; 0 figures; 2006
ISBN 92-0-110005-1, English. 80.00 Euro. Date of Issue: 17 May 2006.
Full Text , (File Size: 497 KB).

Desalination Economic Evaluation Program (DEEP-3.O) User"s Manual
Computer Manual Series No.  19

IAEA/CMS/19, 2006, English. Date of Issue: 13 April 2006.
Full Text , (File Size: 119 KB).

Management of Continual Improvement for Facilities and Activities: A Structured Approach
IAEA TECDOC Series No.  1491

In recent years there has been an upward trend in the safety and operational performance of nuclear installations. Continual improvement of the processes of organizations has led to enhanced safety performance and efficiency benefits such as cost reductions and improved cycle times. Many organizations have experienced significant cost improvement largely by or through better financial management. Without the use of a structured methodology to identify and implement improvements, changes to an organization to reduce costs through cutting staff and activities could eventually fail to produce the desired changes and even have a negative effect on safety and overall performance. The objectives of this publication are to explain how an approach to continual improvement can be implemented and how to conduct process improvements. It also describes good practices and the problems that may be encountered, based on experiences in a number of different organizations in the nuclear field. A number of case studies and a summary of some of the many improvement techniques available are provided. The methodology used in this publication contains steps and practices that are common to many of the continual improvement strategies. This publication will assist readers in successfully applying continual improvement in their own organizations in the pursuit of enhanced safety and improved performance.
IAEA-TECDOC-1491, 2006
ISBN 92-0-102906-3, English. 15.00 Euro. Date of Issue: 23 May 2006.
Full Text , (File Size: 689 KB).

Guidelines on Pressurized Thermal Shock Analysis for WWER Nuclear Power Plants (Rev. 1)
IAEA-EBP-WWER No.  8 (Rev.1)

IAEA-EBP-WWER-08 (Rev.1), 2006, English. Date of Issue: 23 May 2006.
Full Text , (File Size: 1447 KB).

Mutational Analysis of Root Characters in Food Plants Proceedings of a Final Research Coordination Meeting organized by the Joint FAO/IAEA Programme of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture held in Antalya, Turkey, 11-15 October 2004
IAEA TECDOC Series No.  1493

Roots play a critical role in efficient uptake of water and nutrients from the soil through adaptation of its architecture, construction plasticity, specialized structures, physiological responses and beneficial relationships with microorganisms. Roots also serve as storage organs for carbohydrates, they anchor plants in soil and may act as perennating structures that last for many years. However, information on the genetic analysis of root traits is scarce and few characterized root mutants of crop plants are available, mainly because of the difficulty in accessing and studying this below ground organ. A coordinated research programme was implemented in 1999–2004. This publication is a collection of 14 research articles describing the work and achievements made by the participants, covering topics from methodologies for evaluating root structure and function, induced root mutants, and molecular genetic and physiological analysis, as well as other related studies in different crops. This publication will provide a basis for the prevalent generation, selection and use of root mutants in crop improvement programmes.
IAEA-TECDOC-1493, 2006
ISBN 92-0-103106-8, English. 15.00 Euro. Date of Issue: 23 May 2006.
Full Text , (File Size: 2123 KB).

Environmental Consequences of the Chernobyl Accident and their Remediation: Twenty Years of Experience Report of the UN Chernobyl Forum Expert Group "Environment" (EGE)
Radiological Assessment Reports 

The explosion on 26 April 1986 at the Chernobyl nuclear power plant and the consequent reactor fire resulted in an unprecedented release of radioactive material from a nuclear reactor and adverse consequences for the public and the environment. Although the accident occurred nearly two decades ago, controversy still surrounds the real impact of the disaster. Therefore the IAEA, in cooperation with the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, the United Nations Development Programme, the United Nations Environment Programme, the United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs, the United Nations Scientific Committee on the Effects of Atomic Radiation, the World Health Organization and the World Bank, as well as the competent authorities of Belarus, the Russian Federation and Ukraine, established the Chernobyl Forum in 2003. The mission of the Forum was to generate “authoritative consensual statements” on the environmental consequences and health effects attributable to radiation exposure arising from the accident as well as to provide advice on environmental remediation and special health care programmes, and to suggest areas in which further research is required. This report presents the findings and recommendations of the Chernobyl Forum concerning the environmental effects of the Chernobyl accident.
STI/PUB/1239, 166 pp.; 100 figures; 2006
ISBN 92-0-114705-8, English. 40.00 Euro. Date of Issue: 11 April 2006.
Full Text , (File Size: 9396 KB).

Improving Farmyard Poultry Production in Africa: Interventions and their Economic Assessment Proceedings of a Final Research Coordination Meeting
IAEA TECDOC Series No.  1489

This publication arises from a coordinated research project initiated and supported by the Joint FAO/IAEA Division of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture. The publication contains the results of the interactive collaboration of the chief scientific investigators, research agreement holders, research contract holders and IAEA experts to assess, improve and finally economically analyse the impact of vaccination against Newcastle disease, Gumboro disease and Fowl-pox, and management strategies. Its use is intended for poultry specialists involved in the diagnosis and control of infectious diseases, field veterinarians confronted with poultry production problems and veterinary authorities planning such control programmes. This publication contains a wealth of data useful for teachers and students of veterinary universities and colleges.
IAEA-TECDOC-1489, 2006
ISBN 92-0-101206-3, English. 15.00 Euro. Date of Issue: 4 May 2006.
Full Text , (File Size: 3443 KB).

Status of Innovative Small and Medium Sized Reactor Designs 2005 Reactors with Conventional Refuelling Schemes
IAEA TECDOC Series No.  1485

The objective of this report is to provide Member States, including those just considering the initiation of nuclear power programmes and those already having practical experience in nuclear power, with balanced and objective information on important development trends and objectives of innovative small and medium sized reactors (SMRs) for a variety of uses, on the achieved state-of-the-art in design and technology development for such reactors and on their design and regulatory status. The publication is intended for many categories of stakeholders, including regulators, electricity producers, designers, non-electricity producers and policy makers. The main sections of this publication, addressed to all the above mentioned groups of stakeholders, provide a summary of major specifications, applications and user-related special features of innovative SMRs. The annexes, intended mainly for designers and technical managers, provide detailed design descriptions of innovative SMRs, focusing on their potential to provide solutions in the areas of concern associated with future nuclear energy systems.
IAEA-TECDOC-1485, 166 pp.; 100 figures; 2006
ISBN 92-0-101006-0, English. 15.00 Euro. Date of Issue: 30 May 2006.
Full Text , (File Size: 23357 KB).

Status and Risk Assessment of the Use of Transgenic Arthropods in Plant Protection
IAEA TECDOC Series No.  1483

New technologies, such as genetic engineering, may offer possibilities to increase the effectiveness of the sterile insect technique (SIT) for the control of insect pests. Although the basic technology for transformation is now quite effective for many insect species, the complex issues related to their release remains unclear. This is a pertinent consideration given the current public perception of transgenic technology in general. In order to try to initiate the development of a responsible regulatory framework for any eventual release of transgenic insects, the FAO, IAEA and IPPC convened a consultants meeting in Rome during 2002. The consultants reviewed the current status of insect transgenesis, identified current technical constraints and developed draft risk assessment protocols. This publication summarizes the deliberations of the group and provides full texts of the working papers.
IAEA-TECDOC-1483, 2006
ISBN 92-0-113005-8, English. 15.00 Euro. Date of Issue: 3 May 2006.
Full Text , (File Size: 1647 KB).

IAEA Response Assistance Network Incident and Emergency Centre
Emergency Preparedness and Response 

The aim of ERNET is to facilitate the provision of requested international assistance; the harmonization of emergency assistance capabilities; and the relevant exchange of information and feedback of experience. In addition, ERNET complements other IAEA initiatives to promote emergency preparedness and response among its Member States in accordance with the Safety Requirements. ERNET is being designed to focus on a compatible and integrated system for the provision of international assistance to minimise the actual or potential radiological consequences of an incident or emergency for health, environment and property in the following areas: advisory, assessment and evaluation, monitoring and recovery. These areas of assistance would be applied in nuclear accidents or radiological emergencies in the context of the Early Notification and Assistance Conventions, in nuclear or radiological incidents, and where the radiological consequences exceed a State’s response capabilities.
EPR-RANET (2006), 2006
ISBN 92-0-104106-3, English. Date of Issue: 3 May 2006.
Full Text , (File Size: 2625 KB).

Radiological Conditions in the Dnieper River Basin
Radiological Assessment Reports 

In 1986, in the Dnieper River Basin, a densely populated area in the middle of eastern Europe, the most severe nuclear accident in human history occurred at the Chernobyl nuclear power plant, Ukraine. The accident destroyed a high power nuclear reactor and resulted in the release of large amounts of radionuclides into the environment. In the other areas of Ukraine adjacent to the middle reaches of the Dnieper River, uranium mining and milling facilities have been in operation since 1948 which have left substantial tailings containing naturally occurring radioactive materials. These, together with the accident, resulted in the contamination of substantial areas with radioactive residues, and some associated health effects such as elevated thyroid cancer incidence have been noted. This publication was prepared by an IAEA project team within the framework of the Dnieper Basin Environmental Programme carried out under the United Nations Development Programme — Global Environment Facility. This report includes the findings and conclusions of the IAEA project team on radioactive contamination in the Dnieper Basin and its radiological consequences, as well as recommendations to the governments of Belarus, the Russian Federation and Ukraine in the area of radiation and environmental protection. The report is primarily intended for use by these national governments and local authorities of the Dnieper Basin countries, international bodies involved in the Dnieper Basin Environmental Programme and experts on radioactivity in the environment worldwide.
STI/PUB/1230, 185 pp.; 102 figures; 2006
ISBN 92-0-104905-6, English. 38.00 Euro. Date of Issue: 11 April 2006.
Full Text , (File Size: 6552 KB).

INIS: Authority List for Journal Titles
INIS Reference Series No.  11 (Rev. 32)

This is the 32th revision of the INIS: Authority List for Journal Titles (IAEA-INIS-11). This list is published annually and includes the titles of all journals which have contained articles submitted to INIS at the time of publication. The current list contains 13,231 journal titles, 2,125 regularly scanned journals and 555 key journals. It was last updated in February 2006.
IAEA-INIS-11 (Rev. 32), 656 pp.; 0 figures; 2006
ISBN 92-0-103306-0, English. 62.00 Euro. Date of Issue: 7 April 2006.
Full Text , (File Size: 4236 KB).

Development and Review of Plant Specific Emergency Operating Procedures
Safety Reports Series No.  48

Emergency operating procedures (EOPs) are essential for maintaining the fundamental safety functions and for preventing core damage during both design basis accidents and beyond design basis accidents in nuclear power plants (NPPs). This publication is applicable for all reactor technologies and comprehensively deals with all aspects of the development, implementation and review of EOPs using state-of-the-art experience. The primary objective of this publication is to provide guidance and to be used as a reference for teams of experts in charge of the development or review of EOPs at specific NPPs.
STI/PUB/1226, 92 pp.; 3 figures; 2006
ISBN 92-0-103705-8, English. 32.00 Euro. Date of Issue: 3 March 2006.
Full Text , (File Size: 684 KB).

Advanced Nuclear Power Plant Design Options to Cope with External Events
IAEA TECDOC Series No.  1487

This report presents the state of the art in design approaches for the protection from external event impacts for nuclear power plants (NPPs) with evolutionary and innovative reactors. It provides both the general and the technical information background to assist designers of advanced NPPs in the definition of consistent strategies in selected issues of the design and siting evaluation in relation to extreme external events.
IAEA-TECDOC-1487, 2006
ISBN 92-0-100506-7, English. 15.00 Euro. Date of Issue: 21 March 2006.
Full Text , (File Size: 5059 KB).

Small Angle Neutron Scattering
IAEA TECDOC Series No.  1486

Small angle neutron scattering (SANS) is a powerful non-destructive technique to study the inhomogenities formed during the synthesis of materials such as ceramics, cements and alloys. The method is useful for studying large molecules such as polymers, biomolecules or magnetic domains which have applications in materials development. This publication presents the work and results of a coordinated research project focusing on the development of components like collimators, monochromators and position sensitive detectors for improving the throughput of the instrument fostering the effective utilization of research reactors and establishing links between developing and developed facilities. The information will be useful for the users and operators of research reactors in developing an instrument and building collaborations for capacity building.
IAEA-TECDOC-1486, 2006
ISBN 92-0-102806-7, English. 15.00 Euro. Date of Issue: 6 April 2006.
Full Text , (File Size: 4036 KB).

Remediation of Sites with Mixed Contamination of Radioactive and Other Hazardous Substances
Technical Reports Series No.  442

The IAEA attaches great importance to the dissemination of information that can assist Member States with the development, implementation, maintenance and continuous improvement of systems, programmes and activities that support the management of the legacies of past practices and accidents. In response to this, the IAEA has initiated a comprehensive programme of work covering all aspects of environmental remediation. Mixed radioactive and hazardous substances contamination poses a particular challenge because of the combination of types of hazards and potential exposures. While radionuclides and toxic (heavy) metals pose similar and mostly compatible challenges, organic contaminants often require different approaches that may not be compatible with the former. Additional complexity is introduced into the problem by a different and sometimes conflicting regulatory framework for radiological and non-radiological contamination, including the prescribed waste management routes. In consideration of the added complexities of remediating ‘mixed’ contamination, the IAEA has determined that this subject sufficiently warrants the development of a specialized report for assisting Member States.
STI/DOC/010/442, 232 pp.; 27 figures; 2006
ISBN 92-0-104705-3, English. 45.00 Euro. Date of Issue: 6 March 2006.
Full Text , (File Size: 3793 KB).

Applicability of Monitored Natural Attenuation at Radioactively Contaminated Sites
Technical Reports Series No.  445

This report discusses in detail the necessary prerequisites, processes involved and applicability of ‘non-intervention’ as a strategy for dealing with radioactive contamination. Particular emphasis is placed on modelling tools as an integral element of monitored natural attenuation (MNA). It provides a comprehensive critique of the applicability of MNA and explores its limits. While MNA is de facto relied upon in many instances where a contamination cannot be completely removed to an engineered repository, it is emphasized that ‘non-intervention’ is not equivalent to a ‘do nothing’ option. In order to rely on MNA safely, a thorough understanding of the site and the migration behaviour of the contaminants in the given environment is needed, which is gained by a comprehensive site investigation. This report complements other recent reports on remediation techniques and strategies with a less invasive concept.
STI/DOC/010/445, 105 pp.; 3 figures; 2006
ISBN 92-0-111905-4, English. 31.00 Euro. Date of Issue: 16 March 2006.
Full Text , (File Size: 1251 KB).

Occupational Radiation Protection (Chinese Edition) Safety Guide
Chinese Safety Standards Series No.  RS-G-1.1

The present Safety Guide provides general guidance on the establishment of an effective radiation protection programme for occupational exposure, appropriate for the sources of radiation likely to be encountered in a range of industries, medical institutions, educational and research establishments and nuclear fuel cycle facilities. This Safety Guide further provides the necessary guidance to meet the requirements as laid down in Safety Series No. 115, International Basic Safety Standards for Protection against Ionizing Radiation and for the Safety of Radiation Sources (1996).
Contents: 1. Introduction; 2. Framework for occupational radiation protection; 3. Dose limitation; 4. Optimization of radiation protection for practices; 5. Radiation protection programmes; 6. Intervention in emergencies; 7. Health surveillance.
STI/PUB/1081, 2 figures; 2006
ISBN 92-0-503806-7, Chinese. 14.50 Euro
Full Text , (File Size: 728 KB).

Management of Waste from the Use of Radioactive Material in Medicine, Industry, Agriculture, Research and Education (Chinese Edition) Safety Guide
Chinese Safety Standards Series No.  WS-G-2.7

This Safety Guide provides recommendations and guidance on the fulfilment of the safety requirements established in Safety Standards Series No. WS-R-2, Predisposal Management of Radioactive Waste, Including Decommissioning. It covers the roles and responsibilities of different bodies involved in the predisposal management of radioactive waste and in the handling and processing of radioactive material. It is intended for organizations generating and handling radioactive waste or handling such waste on a centralized basis, and for the regulatory body responsible for regulating such activities.
Contents: 1. Introduction; 2. Protection of human health and the environment; 3. Roles and responsibilities; 4. General safety considerations; 5. Predisposal management of radioactive waste; 6. Acceptance of radioactive waste in disposal facilities; 7. Record keeping and reporting; 8. Management systems; Appendix I: Fault schedule for safety assessment and environmental impact assessment; Appendix II: Flow diagram for the management of solid radioactive waste; Appendix III: Flow diagram for the management of biological radioactive waste; Appendix IV: Flow diagram for the management of disused sealed radiation sources; Appendix V: Disused and spent radiation sources and identification of techniques for their management; Appendix VI: Strategy for the identification and location of spent and/or disused sealed radiation sources.
STI/PUB/1217, 73 pp.; 4 figures; 2006
ISBN 92-0-502006-0, Chinese. 20.00 Euro
Full Text , (File Size: 704 KB).

Application of the Concepts of Exclusion, Exemption and Clearance (Chinese Edition) Safety Guide
Chinese Safety Standards Series No.  RS-G-1.7

This Safety Guide provides guidance on the application of the concepts of exclusion, exemption and clearance as established in the International Basic Safety Standards for Protection against Ionizing Radiation and for the Safety of Radiation Sources. The Safety Guide includes specific values for activity concentrations for both radionuclides of natural origin and those of artificial origin that may be used for bulk amounts of material for the purposes of applying the concepts of exclusion and exemption.
Contents: 1. Introduction; 2. The concepts; 3. Basis for the derivation of activity concentration values; 4. Values of activity concentration; 5. Application of the values.
STI/PUB/1202, 29 pp.; 0 figures; 2006
ISBN 92-0-502106-7, Chinese. 16.00 Euro
Full Text , (File Size: 780 KB).

Design of the Reactor Core for Nuclear Power Plants (Chinese Edition) Safety Guide
Chinese Safety Standards Series No.  NS-G-1.12

This publication makes recommendations concerning safety features for incorporation into the design of the reactor core for a nuclear power plant. It supersedes a previous Safety Guide on Design for Reactor Core Safety in Nuclear Power Plants (IAEA Safety Series No. 50-SG-D14). This Safety Guide takes account of developments in the design of reactor cores since the earlier Safety Guide was issued, and includes guidance on general and specific design considerations.
Contents: 1. Introduction; 2. General safety considerations in design; 3. Specific safety considerations in design; 4. Qualification and testing; 5. Quality assurance in design; Appendix I: Reactivity coefficients; Appendix II: Fuel pellet–cladding interaction; Appendix III: Design considerations for core management; Appendix IV: High burnup fuel cores; Appendix V: Mixed oxide fuel cores; References; Glossary.
STI/PUB/1221, 57 pp.; 0 figures; 2006
ISBN 92-0-502206-3, Chinese. 23.00 Euro
Full Text , (File Size: 676 KB).

Format and Content of the Safety Analysis Report for Nuclear Power Plants (Chinese Edition) Safety Guide
Chinese Safety Standards Series No.  GS-G-4.1

This Safety Guide provides recommendations and guidance on the possible format and content of Safety Analysis Reports (SARs) to be developed in support of requests to regulatory bodies for authorization to construct and/or to operate a nuclear power plant. As such, this Safety Guide recommends how to meet the requirements for preparation of adequate safety demonstrations as established in Safety Standards Series No. GS-R-1, Safety Requirements on Legal and Governmental Infrastructure for Nuclear, Radiation, Radioactive Waste and Transport Safety, and complements Safety Guide No. NS­G­1.2, Safety Assessment and Verification of Nuclear Power Plants.
Contents: 1. Introduction; 2. General considerations; 3. Format and content of a SAR; Chapter I: Introduction; Chapter II: General plant description; Chapter III: Management of safety; Chapter IV: Site evaluation; Chapter V: General design aspects; Chapter VI: Description and conformance to the design of plant systems; Chapter VII: Safety analyses; Chapter VIII: Commissioning; Chapter IX: Operational aspects; Chapter X: Operational limits and conditions; Chapter XI: Radiation protection; Chapter XII: Emergency preparedness; Chapter XIII: Environmental aspects; Chapter XIV: Radioactive waste management; Chapter XV: Decommissioning and end of life aspects; 4. Review and updating of the SAR; Glossary
STI/PUB/1185, 71 pp.; 0 figures; 2006
ISBN 92-0-502306-X, Chinese. 22.00 Euro
Full Text , (File Size: 679 KB).